National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM)
考生注意事项:
1.严格遵守考场规则,考生得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2.本试题的答案必须填写在规定的答题卡上,仅写在试题册上不给分。
3.听力、英语知识运用、阅读理解A节的答案按要求写或填涂在答题卡1上,阅读理解B节和写作答案写在答题卡2上。
4.听力考试进行时,考生先将答案写或划在试题册上,然后在听力部分结束前专门留出的5分钟内,将试题册上的全部答案整洁地誊写或转涂到答题卡l上。
5.各项填涂部分一律用2B铅笔按照答题卡上的要求填涂。如要改动,必须用橡皮擦干净。
6,听力部分A、B两节必须用蓝(黑)圆珠笔将答案誊写在答题卡1上;阅读理解部分B节和写作部分必须用蓝(黑)圆珠笔在答题卡2上答题。注意字迹清楚。
7.考试结束后,将答题卡1、答题卡2一并装入原试卷袋中,试题交给监考人员。
Listening Comprehension
This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.
Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your anwers in your test booklet, At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.
Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A
Directions:
You will hear a conversation in which a woman is asking for tourist information about Sudeley Castle and Snowshill Manor. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information you've heard for questions 1- 5. Some of the information has been given to you in the table.
Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)
Information about Sudeley Castle
opening hour a.m. 1
closing hour 5p.m.
cost for adults 2
cost for children 3
Information about Snowshill Manor
collection that children like 3
payment for visit 4
close from (month) 5
Part B
Directions:
You will hear a radio weather forecast. For questions 6 - 10, complete the sentences and answer the question while you listen. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the question below. (5 points)
By early morning showers will reach 6
The minimum temperature in the 7
south during the night will be no
lower than
On what day of the week was this 8
weather forecast given?
The speaker feels that the weekend 9
weather in much of France is
It will be cloudy but dry over the 10
weekend across
Part C
Directions:
You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each ofie, you' will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)
Questions 11- 13 are based on the following talk introducing Emily Dickinson, a "welI-known American poet. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11 - 13.
11. How long did Emily Dickinson live in the house where she was born?
[A] almost all her life
[B] less than half her life
[C] until 1830
[D] before 1872
12. Which of the following is true of Emily Dickinson?
[A] She was not a productive poet.
[B] She saw many of her poems published.
[C] She was not a sociable person.
[D] She communicated only with seven poets.
13. Emily Dickinson was widely recognized after
[A] Henry James referred highly to her.
[B] seven of her poems were published.
[C] her poems became known to others.
[D] she had been dead for many years.
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions
11 - 13.
Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following radio program. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14 - 16.
14. Which of the following may be included in BCD International programs?
[A] interviews with radio producers
[B] a variety of classic pop songs
[C] latest news of the music library
[D] stories about the good old days
15. Which program gives us the ideas behind the pop songs?
[A] the History of Pop
[B] the Road to Music
[C] Pop Words
[D] about the Big Hits
16. Which word best describes native speakers' understanding of
English pop songs?
[A] effortless
[B] impossible
[C] difficult
[D] unnecessary
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14- 16.
Questions 17- 2Oare based on a conversation between Dr. Francis and Li Ming about Li Ming's planned visit to Cambridge. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17- 20.
17. What is Dr. Francis?
[A] a teacher of English in Cambridge
[B] a specialist in computer science
[C] a consultant to a Scottish company
[D] a British tourist to China
18. What is the approximate temperature in Cambridge in summer?
[Al 2212
[B] 2312
[C] 2512
[D] 3412
19. Where does Dr. Francis suggest Li Ming should stay in Cambridge?
[A] with an English family
[B] in a flat near the college
[C] with a language teacher
[D] in a student dormitory
20. What is the Point Dr. Francis is making when he mentions Ali?
[A] Certain things cannot be learned from books.
[B] Foreign students had better live on campus.
[C] Choice of where to live varies from person to person.
[D] British families usually welcome foreign students.
You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17 - 20.
You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
That is the end of Listening Comprehension.
Section II Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 21 the trial of Rosemary West.
In a significant 22 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 23 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 24 and will strictly control the amount of 25 that can be given to a case 26 a trial begins.
In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 27 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 28 sufficient control.
29 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 30 of media protest when he said the 31 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 32 to Parliament.
The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 33 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 34 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 35 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.
"Press freedoms will be in safe hands 36 our British judges," he said.
Witness payments became an 37 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 38 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 39 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 40 guilty verdicts.
21. [A] as to [B] for instance
[C] in particular [D] such as
22. [A] tightening [B] intensifying
[C] focusing [D] fastening
23. [A] sketch [B] rough
[C] preliminary [D] draft
24. [A] illogical [B] illegal
[C] improbable [D] improper
25. [A] publicity [B] penalty
[C] popularity [D] peculiarity
26. [A] since [B] if
[C] before [D] as
27. [A] sided [B] shared
[C] complied [D] agreed
28. [A] present [B] offer
[C] manifest [D] indicate
29. [A] Release [B] Publication
[C] Printing [D] Exposure
30. [A] storm [B] rage
[C] flare [D] flash
31. [A] translation [B] interpretation
[C] exhibition [D] demonstration
32. [A] better than [B] other than
[C] rather than [D] sooner than
33. [A] changes [B] makes
[C] sets [D] turns
34. [A] binding [B] convincing
[C] restraining [D] sustaining
35. [A] authorized [B] credited
[C] entitled [D] qualified
36. [A] with [B] to
[C] from [D] by
37. [A] impact [B] incident
[C] inference [D] issue
38. [A] stated [B] remarked
[c] said [D] told
39. [A] what [B] when
[C] which [D] that
40. [A] assure [B] confide
[C] ensure [D] guarantee
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and a final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia, s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure was passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET, Says Hofsess: "We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history."
The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief; others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian .Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia--where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.
Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death--probably by a deadly injection or pill--to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. "I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks," he says.
41. From the second paragraph we learn that
[A] the objection to euthanasia is diminishing in some countries.
[B] physicians and citizens have the same view on euthanasia.
[C] technological changes are chiefly responsible for the new law.
[D] it takes time to appreciate the significance of laws passed.
42. By saying that "observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling", the author means that
[A] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia.
[B] there is a possibility of similar bills being passed in the U.S. and Canada.
[C] observers are waiting to see the movement end up in failure.
[D] the process of the bill taking effect may finally come to a stop.
43. When Lloyd Nickson is close to death, he will
[A] undergo a cooling off period of seven days.
[B] experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient.
[C] have an intense fear of terrible suffering.
[D] face his death with the calm characteristic of euthanasia.
44. What is the author's attitude towards euthanasia?
[A] hostile
[B] suspicious
[C] approving
[D] indifferent
45. We can infer from the text that the success of the right-to-die movement is
[A] only a matter of time.
[BI far from certain.
[C] just an illusion.
[D] a fading hope.
Text 2
Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as steering the economy to a soft landing or a touch on the brakes", makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel.
Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5 % this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.
It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America's inflation rate would average 3.5 % in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6 % in August, and is expected to average only about 3 % for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.
Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America' s, have little productive slack. America's capacity utilisation, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5. 6 % in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemploymenttthe rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.
Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
46. According to the text, making monetary policy changes
[A] is comparable to driving a car.
[BI is similar to carrying out scientific work.
[C] will not influence the economy immediately.
[D] will have an immediate impact on the inflation rate.
47. From the text we learn that
[Al there is a clear relationship between inflation and interest rates.
[B] the economy always follows particular trends.
[C] the current economic problems are entirely predictable.
[D] the present economic situation is better than expected.
48. The text suggests that
[A] the previous economic models are still applicable.
[B] an extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.
[C] a high unemployment rate will result from inflation.
[D] interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy.
49. By saying "This is no flash in the pan" (paragraph 3, line 7), the author implies that
[A] the low inflation rate will continue.
[BI the inflation rate will rise again.
[C] inflation will disappear entirely.
[D] there is no inflation at present.
50. How does the author feel about the present situation?
[A] tolerant
[B] indifferent
[C] disappointed
[D] surprised
Text 3
In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because businesspeople typically know what product they' re looking for.
Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet.
Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That's a prospect that horrifies Net purists.
But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon. com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.
51. We learn from the beginning of the text that Web business
[A] has been striving to expand its market.
[B] intended to follow a fanciful fashion.
[C] tried but in vain to control the market.
[D] has been booming for one year or so.
52. Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that
[A] the technology is popular with many Web users.
[B] businesses have faith in the reliability of online transactions.
[C] there is a radical change in strategy.
[D] it is accessible limitedly to established partners.
53. In the view of Net purists,
[A] there should be no marketing messages in online culture.
[B] money making should be given priority to on the Web.
[C] the Web should be able to function as the television set.
[D] here should be no online commercial information without requests.
54. We learn from the last paragraph that
[A] pushing information on the Web is essential to Intemet commerce.
[B] interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customers.
[C] leading companies began to take the online plunge decades ago.
[D] setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power.
55. The purpose of the author in writing the text is to
[A] urge active participation in online business.
[B] elaborate on various marketing strategies.
[C] compare web business with traditional commerce.
[D] illustrate the transition from the pull to push strategy.
Text 4
In the last half of the nineteenth century "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world's movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other's strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
56. The author says that old family firms
[A] were ruined by the younger generations.
[B] failed~ for lack of individual initiative.
[C] lacked efficiency compared with modern companies.
[D] were able to supply adequate services to taxpayers.
57. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in
[A] the separation,of capital from management.
[B] the ownership of capital by managers.
[C] the emergence of capital and labour as two classes.
[D] the participation of shareholders in land ownership.
58. The text indicates that
[A] some countries developed quickly because of their limited liability companies.
[B] the tide of industralisation benefited British shareholders greatly.
[C] shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economy.
[D] the system of shareholding impaired the management of modern companies.
59. We learn from the text that
[A] shareholders often cast negative influence on the well-being of workers.
[B] owners of traditional firm enjoyed a good relationship with their employees.
[C] limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly.
[D] trade unions had a positive role between workers and the management.
60. The author appears to be very critical of
[A] family firm owners.
[B] shareholders
[C] managers.
[D] landowners.
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
In less than 30 years' time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain's nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 61) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 62) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-buik personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell- television, and digital age will have arrived.
According to BT's futurologist, lan Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1 000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 63 ) Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,' he says. 64) But that,: Pearson Doint.s out, is only the start of man-machine integration: "It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century'.
Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of, technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids. 65) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-- kitchen rage.
Section IV Writing
66. Directions: Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay to
1. describe the pictures,
2. deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures, and
3. suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing